近幾十年來, 人們對工業流水線平衡問題進(jin)行了大量的研究, 取(qu)得(de)了大量的理論成果。汽車(che)工(gong)業(ye)流水線一(yi)般由輸送設(she)(she)備(bei) (空中(zhong)懸架和(he)地面) 和(he)專(zhuan)業(ye)設(she)(she)備(bei) (如(ru)起重、翻轉、沖壓、加熱或冷(leng)卻、測試、螺栓螺母緊固設(she)(she)備(bei)等) 組成整個汽車(che)工(gong)業(ye)流水線。.

工業流水線(xian)生產方式中(zhong)的重要(yao)問題

平(ping)衡問題(ti)是與設施規劃有關(guan)的(de)問題(ti)。工(gong)作(zuo)站要完(wan)成的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)總(zong)量與分配給工(gong)作(zuo)站的(de)基(ji)本(ben)工(gong)作(zuo)單元總(zong)數一致。

工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)水線(xian)(xian)(xian)平衡的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)在于, 所有基本工(gong)(gong)(gong)作單元都分(fen)配給每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作站(zhan), 以便(bian)每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作站(zhan)在節(jie)拍時過(guo)于繁忙 (即(ji), 與工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)水線(xian)(xian)(xian)末端相鄰的(de)(de)兩個(ge)產品之間的(de)(de)間隔(ge)), 從(cong)而(er)限(xian)度地提高操作, 從(cong)而(er)實現操作限(xian)度地減少每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作站(zhan)的(de)(de)非工(gong)(gong)(gong)作時間 (空(kong)閑(xian)時間)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)水線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)平衡是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)水線(xian)(xian)(xian)設計(ji)和管理中的(de)(de)一個(ge)重(zhong)要問(wen)題(ti), 因為工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)水線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)平衡直接(jie)影響到制造(zao)系統的(de)(de)生產率。

差速鏈工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線主(zhu)要(yao)用于: 電(dian)腦(nao)顯示生產(chan)線、電(dian)腦(nao)主(zhu)機生產(chan)線、筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)腦(nao)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線、空(kong)調(diao)生產(chan)線、電(dian)視工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線、微波(bo)爐工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線、打印機裝配(pei)線、發(fa)(fa)動機工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線等。生產(chan)模(mo)式是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線布(bu)局中需要(yao)考慮(lv)的(de)(de)(de)一個方面, 確定(ding)生產(chan)模(mo)式需要(yao)澄清以下(xia)幾(ji)點: 生產(chan)計劃、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)系(xi)統, 即(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)頻率和(he)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時間、生產(chan)線類(lei)型、考慮(lv)使用自動化生產(chan)線或流(liu)水(shui)線生產(chan), 是(shi)(shi)單(dan)機生產(chan)或集群(qun)生產(chan);管理模(mo)式, 是(shi)(shi)指規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)保證、制(zhi)度和(he)法規。因此, 考慮(lv)到工(gong)(gong)廠開發(fa)(fa)在(zai)平面設計中的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)行(xing)性, 改變工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)流(liu)水(shui)線的(de)(de)(de)布(bu)局應該是(shi)(shi)靈(ling)活的(de)(de)(de)、適應性強的(de)(de)(de)、用途(tu)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)。